Surface finishing apparatus



March 26, 1940.

D. A. WALLACE SURFACE FINISHING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 OriginalFiled April 1l, 1939 .IHI

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March 26, 1940.

D. A. WALLACE SURFACE FINISHING APPARATUS Original Filed April ll, 19594 Sheets-Sheet .'5

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D. A. WALLACE SURFACE FINISHING APPARATUS March 26, 1940.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 original Filed April 11, 1939 INVENTOR A. A WALL/10E.

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Patented Mar. 26, 1940 UNiTEo STATES PATENT OFFICE SURFACE FINI SHINGAPPARATUS Application April 11, 1939, Serial No. 267,266 Renewed January3, 1940 10 Claims.

The present invention relates to the art of iinishing surfaces, andcomprises means for compounding a plurality of simultaneous movementswhereby no increment of the work surface 5 is successively twicetraversed by the same particle of an abrading element moving at the rateof speed or in the same direction. The object of the invention is tocause a surface finishing tool to finish the entire surface of the workWithout permitting any single increment of surface to be twice traversedby the same increment of a working member travelling in the samedirection at the same speed. A feature of the present invention is thatthe foregoing object is achieved by simple,

economically purchased and assembled-means.

A further object of the present invention is to provide means whereby asingle prime mover pro-- duces simultaneous, reciprocating movements ofdifferent amplitudes and frequencies whereby a 0 rapid stroke of theworking tool is compounded with a slow stroke of the working tool sothat the tool is continuously reciprocated relative to the work surfacein relatively long, slow strokes, each of which comprises a plurality ofrelatively short,

5 rapid strokes.

Having set forth the principal objects of the present invention, thesame should be more clearly understood by reference to the followingspecification and accompanying drawings wherein 0 like numerals refervto like parts throughout.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying thepresent invention, showing the same in operation upon a cylindricalsurface;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 1, with partsbeing shown in section;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the machine set forth in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section taken along line 4-4 of Fig, 2; y

Fig. 5 is an enlarged section taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 2; and,

Fig. 6 is a top plan view, partially in section, of a modification ofthe present invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the machine comprises a bed I0upon which is mounted a head stock I I and a tail stock I2, the headstock being provided with work engaging means, such as the center pointI3, and the tail stock being provided o with work engaging means, suchas the center point I4 and the driver I5 engaging clamp I6 secured tothe work piece Il whereby the cylindrical work may be rotated. It istobe appreciated that the work surface may be of various 5 shapes and-maybe moved relative to the tool motor and shaft 29 being provided for thepurpose holder in various manners, the present showing being sufficientto illustrate the fact that the present invention preferably comprisesmeans to move the Asurface of the work independently of the motion ofthe tool holder; or as will appear 5 with respect to the modificationshown in Fig. 6, it is desirable that the relative positions yof thetool and the surface of the work be uniformly altered so as tosuccessively present increments of work surface to the tool. In thepresent modifl- 10 cation the cylindrical member I'l is rotated by meansof the speed adjusting pulleys I8 attached to driver I 5 and rotated bybelt 20.

' The surface finishing tool preferably comprises a toolholder in whichis replaceably mounted l5 a plurality of abrading elements 26 which maybe formed of articial or natural material commonly used for surfacefinishing purposes. The tool holder is mounted on a sliding member suchas a yoke 2l which is driven by an eccentric crank 28 on a driven shaft29 connected to the shaft of a motor 30. An anti-friction roller 3|surrounds the crank pin 28 and engages the walls of the slot of yoke 2l.The motor 30 may be provided with any suitable type of reduction gearmechanism 32 whereby various speeds of rotation of the crank 28 may beachieved by replacement of the motor by a motor having other gearratios, atorque and groove connection 33 between the of permitting suchreplacement.

Yoke 2l is guided for longitudinal reciprocation in a support 35 inwhich is mounted a shaft 36 parallel to the shaft 29. A gear traincomprising gear 31 fixed to shaft 29 and meshing with a larger gear 38xed to shaft 36'rotates the shaft 36. An eccentric 40 is fixed to-shaft36 and pivotally supports the end of a crank rod 4I, the connectionpreferably comprising an anti-friction bearing member 42. If the guidemember 35 were xed to a solid support, it could be-seen that crank rod4I would be reciprocated once for every several reciprocations of yoke2l. The guiding member 35, however, is guided for movementlongitudinally of the work along a tongued bed 44, and the opposite endof crank rod 4I is fixed to a. relatively fixed pivot member so that, atthe same time that the eccentric 28 causes the abrading elements to movelongitudinally of the work in a series of rapid movements, the eccentric40 causes the abrading elements 25 to move longitudinally of the workAin a series of slower movements. The amplitude of each reciprocationmay be the same provided that the eccentricity of crank pin 28 and crankpin 40 is the same, or may be different if the eccentricity isdifferent.

In order to present successive longitudinal increments of work surfaceto the working elements, in addition to successive circumferentialincrements of work surface, the relatively flxed pivot 45 is adjustablysecured to a feeding wheel 50 which is driven through reduction gearassembly 5i connected to a source of motive power 52. Y

In the form of the invention set forth in Figs. 1 to 5, it should now beapparent that the abrading elements rapidly reciprocate over a smallsurface area in movements combining the effect of eccentrics 38 and 40,and at the same time thefeeding wheel 5l) and pulley I8 cause theworking elements to move relative to the working surface along a spiralpath of relatively short pitch. The combination of lateral andlongitudinal feeding movements, thus produced, could be produced by suchother means as may be necessary for other types of surfaces such asplane surfaces.

Fig. 6 shows the present invention adapted to the nishing of.cylindricalbores, in this case the tool holder 25 supporting a motor 6B driving ashaft 6I, upon which is mounted a cylindrical honing tool 62 having aplurality of circumferentially spaced abrading elements 63 engaging thesurface of a cylindrical bore 64 to be nished. vAs previously describedwith respect to the modication of Figs. 1 to 5, the surface of the workis continuously abraded by the elements 63 moving longitudinally thereofin` short, reciprocating steps, the movement of which represents thecompound effect of the eccentrics 28 and 40, while the abrading tool asa whole is continuously presented to the surface 54 along a spiral pathof relatively short pitch due to the compound eect of the feeding motors60 and 52.

Having described several modifications of the present invention itshould be apparent to those skilled in the art that the same permits ofvarious modifications in arrangement and detail. All such modifications,as come within the scope of the following claims, are to be consideredas part of my invention.

I claim:

1. A surface finishingmachine comprising a surface nishing tool,operating means for said surface nshing tool including a support guidedfor rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, said memberbeing slidably mounted on said support and-guided for rectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted on said support, eccentric means connecting:

said motor and said member whereby to reciprocate said member relativeto said support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on said support anddriven by said motor, and a relatively fixed element against which saideccentric mechanism thrusts whereby rotation of said eccentric mechanismby said motor causes reciprocation of said support, the simultaneousreciprocations of said 'member and said support producing compoundreciprocations of said surface finishing tool.

2.1i surface finishing machine comprising a surface iinishing tool,operating means for said surface nishing tool including a support guidedfor rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, said memberbeing slidably mounted on said support and guided for rectilinearmovement` with respect thereto in substantially the direction ofmovement thereof, a motor mounted on said support.v eccentric meansconnecting said motor and said member whereby to reciprocate said memberrelativeato said support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on said supportand driven by said motor, a crank rod extending from said eccentricmechanism, and a relatively fixed pivot to which the opposite end ofsaid crank rod is pivotally attached whereby rotation of Y on saidsupport and guided for rectilinear movement with respect thereto insubstantially the direction of movement thereof, a motor mounted on saidsupport, eccentric means connecting said motor and said member wherebyto reciprocate said member relative to said support, a speed reducingmechanism mounted on said support and driven 'by said motor, aneccentric mounted on said support and rotated by said speed reducingmechanism, a crank rodextending from said eccentric mechanism, and arelatively fixed pivot to which the opposite end of said crank rod ispivotally attached whereby rotation of said eccentric mechanism by saidmotor causes reciprocation of said support, the simultaneousreciprocations of said member and said'support producing compoundreciprocations of said surface finishing tool.

i 4. A surface nishing machine comprising a surface 'nishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool. saidmember being slidably mounted on said support and guided for rectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted on said support, eccentric means connectingsaid motor and said member whereby to reciprocate said member relativeto said support, a 'gear train mounted on said support and driven bysaid motor, an eccentric mounted on said support and rotated by saidgear train, a crank rod extending from said eccentric mechanism, and arelatively flxed pivot to which the opposite end of said crank rod ispivotally attached whereby rotation of said eccentric mechanism by saidmotor causes reciprocation of said support, the simultaneousreciprocations of said member and said support producing compoundreciprocations of said surface finishing tool.

vdirection of movement thereof, a motor mounted on said support,eccentric means connecting said motor and said member whereby toreciprocate said member relative to said support, an eccentric mechanismmounted on said support and driven by said motor, and a relatively xedelement against which said eccentric mechanism thrusts whereby rotationof said eccentric mechanismby said motor causes reciprocation of saidsupport; in combination with feeding means as.

sociated with said surface finishing tool and operating simultaneouslytherewith to present successive increments of a surface to be finishedto said'tool; the simultaneous reciprocations of said member and saidsupport producing compound reciprocations of said surface finishing tooland the movement of said feeding means causing simultaneous, relativemovement of said surface and said tool whereby the successive compoundreciprocations of said tool traverse successive increments of saidsurface.

6. A surface finishing machine comprising a surface finishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, saidmember being slidably mounted on said support and guidedforrectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted'on said support, eccentric means connectingsaid motor and said member whereby to reciprocate said member relativeto said support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on said support anddriven by said motor, a pivot element against which said eccentricmechanism thrusts whereby rotation ofy said eccentric mechanism by saidmotor causes reciprocation of said support, and means to move said pivotelement in the direction of movement of said support and said member,the simultaneous reciprocations of said support and said memberproducing compound reciprocations of said surface finishing tool and themovement of said pivot element causing pre'- sentation of successiveincrements of Work surface to said tool.

7. A surface finishing machine comprising a surface finishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, saidmember being slidably mounted on said support and guided for rectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted on said support, eccentric means connectingsaid motor and said member whereby to reciprocate said member relativeto said support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on said support anddriven by said motor, a pivot element against which said eccentricmechanism thrusts whereby rotation of said eccentric mechanism by saidmotor causes reciprocation of said support, and means to reciprocatesaid pivot element in the direction of movement of said support and saidmember, the simultaneous reciprocations of said support and said memberproducing compound reciprocations of said surface finishing tool and thereciprocations of said pivot element causing presentation of successiveincrements of work surface to said tool, first in one directionV andthen in the opposite direction. y

8. A surface nishing machine comprising a surface finishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, saidmember being slidably mounted motor and said member whereby toreciprocate said member relative to said support, an eccentric mechanismmounted on said support and driven by said motor, a pivot elementagainst which said eccentric mechanism thrusts whereby rotation of saideccentric mechanism by said motor causes reciprocation of said support,the simultaneous reciprocations of said member and said supportproducing compound reciprocations of said surface finishing tool, andmeans` to present successive increments of work surface to said surfacefinishing tool.

k 9. A surface finishing machine comprising a surface finishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member attached to said tool, saidmember being slidably mounted on said support and guided for rectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted 'on said support, eccentric means connectingsaid motor and saidmember whereby to reciprocate said member relative tosaid support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on said supportrand drivenby said motor, a pivot element against which said eccentric mechanismthrusts where- 'neous longitudinal and rtative relative movement of thework surface and said tool.

10. A surface finishing machine for finishing the surface of acylindrical bore comprising a rotatable surface finishing tool,operating means for said surface finishing tool including a supportguided for rectilinear movement, a member supporting said tool, saidmember being slidably mounted on said support and guided for rectilinearmovement with respect thereto in substantially the direction of movementthereof, a motor mounted on said support, eccentric means connectingsaid motor and said support, an eccentric mechanism mounted on saidsupport and driven by said motor, an'element against which saideccentric mechanism thrusts whereby the rotation of said eccentricmechanisml by said motor causes reciprocation of said ksupportsimultaneously with the reciprocation of said member, means to move saidsurface finishing tool in the direction of its axis ofv rotation, andmeans simultaneously t'o rotate said surface finishing tool, thesimultaneous axial and rotative movements of said tool causing said toolto operate on successive increments of thevsurface of the bore.

` DAVID A. WALLACE.

